The amount of compensatory sweating depends on the patient, the damage that the white rami communicans incurs, and the amount of cell body reorganization in the spinal cord after surgery.
Other potential complications include inadequate resection of the ganglia, gustatory sweating, pneumothorax, cardiac dysfunction, post-operative pain, and finally Horner’s syndrome secondary to resection of the stellate ganglion.
www.ubcmj.com/pdf/ubcmj_2_1_2010_24-29.pdf

After severing the cervical sympathetic trunk, the cells of the cervical sympathetic ganglion undergo transneuronic degeneration
After severing the sympathetic trunk, the cells of its origin undergo complete disintegration within a year.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0442.1967.tb00255.x/abstract

Sunday, April 13, 2008

NE levels and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

CSF Norepinephrine Concentrations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Thomas D. Geracioti, Jr., M.D.
Dewleen G. Baker, M.D.
Nosakhare N. Ekhator, M.S.
Scott A. West, M.D.
Kelly K. Hill, M.D.
Ann B. Bruce, M.D.
Dennis Schmidt, Ph.D.
Barbara Rounds-Kugler, R.N.
Rachel Yehuda, Ph.D.
Paul E. Keck, Jr., M.D.
John W. Kasckow, M.D., Ph.D.
Objective: Despite evidence of hyperresponsive peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) noradrenergic activity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), direct measures of CNS norepinephrine in PTSD have been lacking. The goal of this study was to determine serial CSF norepinephrine levels in patients with PTSD.
Method: CSF samples were obtained serially over a 6-hour period in 11 male combat veterans with chronic PTSD and eight healthy men through an indwelling subarachnoid catheter. Thus the authors were able to determine hourly CSF norepinephrine concentrations under base-
line (unstressed) conditions. Severity of the patients’ PTSD symptoms was assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale.
Results: CSF norepinephrine concentrations were significantly higher in the men
with PTSD than in the healthy men. Moreover, CSF norepinephrine levels strongly and
positively correlated with the severity of PTSD symptoms. Plasma norepinephrine concentrations showed no significant relationship with the severity of PTSD symptoms.
Conclusions: These findings reveal the presence of greater CNS noradrenergic activity under baseline conditions in patients with chronic PTSD than in healthy subjects and directly link this pathophysiologic observation with the severity of the clinical posttraumatic stress syndrome.
(Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158:1227–1230)