Thus, until proven otherwise, we suggest that many, if not all, of the anti-inflammatory effects associated with efferent vagal stimulation are due to the concurrent activation of the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nervous system. It is surprising that no one has examined the effects of sympathectomy, adrenergic blockade, or adrenal demedulation on the inhibition of TNF-� and inflammation produced by efferent vagal stimulation.
PubMed articles by:
Autonomic Innervation and Regulation of the Immune System
(1987-2007)
Dwight M. Nance and Virginia M. Sanders
Brain Behav Immun. 2007 August; 21(6): 736–745.
Madden KS, Felten SY, Felten DL, Sundaresan PR, Livnat S.
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Depression of T cell immunity in vivo and in vitro following chemical sympathectomy. Brain Behav.Immun.
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